The agenda of President Donald Trump’s immigration has revealed the truth that is hardly recognized. Expansion of the country is not unilateral. It requires an agreement between the two countries that are expelled and those that receive them.
President Trump has issued a large -scale expulsion of a signature campaign. For a few days since he was swearing, the ice agent has been attacking with attention, sending a military and charter aircraft that returned unwritten immigrants to their home country.
It led to diplomatic friction: The bonded decoration flight to Brazil brought out protests from the government, and Colombian President Gustavo Petro permits for two U.S. airplanes carrying land. And the US tariffs before Colombia eventually caused a diplomatic confrontation.
The conflict has shown that the Trump administration is one of the only things to detain immigrants that have been documented, and it is completely different to expel them abroad. To send people to other countries, you need a two -country negotiations. And last week, you need a pretty diplomatic armed.
The Trump administration also seems to be working to strengthen diplomatic leverage. On Wednesday, the president announced a plan to establish a detention camp at the U.S. military base in Cuba’s Guantanamo Bay.
“We have 30,000 beds in Guantanamamo to detain the worst crime illegal foreigners who threaten American people,” said Trump. “Some of them don’t want to be back, we don’t even trust them, so we don’t even trust them, so they are very bad. I will send it to Guantanamo.
Expulsion of abroad is negotiations
Under international law, the countries are obliged to accept citizens who have been expelled abroad by other countries. However, there are actually ways to push them back. The government can refuse to stop landing, issue a travel document to citizens, and refuse to admit that the exiles are citizens.
“The legal situation is very clear,” said Gerald Kunaus, chairman of European Stable Initiative, who supported a famous foreign expulsion agreement between the European Union and Turkey in 2016. A country you want to take people who want to take people does not recognize that they are their citizens. “
Dara Lind, a senior fellow of the American Immigration Council, has rarely refused to accept the forced repatriation from the United States in the past. However, some people are often referred to as “repeated” countries, and impose the number of fugitives they accept. As of 2020, the United States specified 13 countries as “resilience”, including China, India, and Cuba.
“China occasionally takes foreign expulsion flights, but not as much as the US government wants, and there aren’t enough to expel the number of unauthorized Chinese people in the United States,” Lind. I said. Cuba began to get expulsion in 2017 after a substantial negotiations by the Obama administration, which restricts the number of depleties that are still acceptable.
Carrot and stick
When the United States wants people to export people, there are four major options. “Good Police” negotiations provide diplomatic incentives to the country to accept the expelled citizens. “Bad police” negotiations that do the same through threats and forced. Find a third country with a willingness to accept the exiles. Or just allow immigrants to stay in the United States indefinitely.
Conversely, countries that oppose the United States may be in a powerful position to extract good cup incentives, but friendly allies are sensitive due to poor charges, such as tariffs.
For example, Venezuela stopped accepting the expulsion of overseas last year after the United States re -orders sanctions, but President Nicholas Maduro will consider changing its policy in exchange for economic incentives from the United States. Is shown. In contrast, countries like Colombia are countries with a strong trade relationship with the United States and can lose more from new tariffs and other forced measures.
The third national agreement that each country agrees to accept the non -citizens who are not citizens is relatively rare, but they exist.
For many years, Australia has held a detention center for Papua New Guinea and Naurul’s government for those who want to reach Australia by boat. The program was finally stopped after many legal issues.
In 2016, the European Union was in exchange for accepting other unprecedented immigrants who have been expelled from the European Union and other non -documented immigrants in Syria and other non -documented immigrants. I gave an incentive. And the sea, most of them are from Africa, Middle East and South Asia.
One of the major questions about the Trump administration is whether to convince Mexico to accept forced repatriation from other countries. President Claudia Symbaum swore before. However, at a press conference this week, she stated that Mexico had received 4,000 forced returns, and the “majority” was Mexican.
President Trump has already threatened to impose a 25 % tariff on Mexico if immigrants have reached the US border and do not do anything more to stop Fentanil smuggling. Express of the country can be part of these widespread negotiations.
Guantánamo option
Trump has been able to effectively create a third country option without negotiating with another government by opening an immigration camp in Guantanamo. Non -cooperating countries, such as Colombia, may be forced to accept foreign expulsion from the United States or to choose whether citizens will be detained for indefinitely detention camps.
My colleague, Carol Rosenberg, has covered the offshore facilities in Pentagon, Guantanamo for decades since the first detainee was brought from Afghanistan in January 2002.
This week, her colleagues, Hamed Areas, reported that some U.S. Presidential administration could potentially accommodate tens of thousands of immigrants in the vast tent cities. did. As the army did for the 1990s tent camp, the proposed location may be surrounded by barbed wire.
Some experts questioned the legal nature of housing immigrants at the base. “Guantanamo is a black hole designed to escape the scrutiny and has a dark history in an inhumanistic state. Lucas Gatta Tentag, an official of the Biden administration, told them to them.
And even if the detention plan overcomes legal issues, the usefulness of Guantanamo facilities will only go so far. 30,000 detention facilities are huge compared to 40,000 immigrants currently housed in the United States and local prisons. However, Guantanamo has only a few million immigrants who promised Trump to be expelled, and will be expensive to operate indefinitely.
The Cuban government, which has long judged that the US base is illegal for a long time, said that holding tens of thousands of people would create a scenario of risk and anxiety.
Additional reports by Havana’s Ed Augustine.
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