New images from the James Webb Space Telescope reveal a surprising pair of planet-like objects in the Orion Nebula, never before detected. The Orion Nebula is a glowing cloud of dust and gas and is one of the brightest nebulae in the night sky. It can be identified as the Sword of Orion. Located 1,300 light-years from Earth, the nebula offers astronomers a wealth of objects to study, including planet-forming disks around young stars and brown dwarfs, and objects with masses between planets and stars. We have been providing it for many years. Astronomers used the Webb Nebula. A near-infrared camera called NIRCam images the Orion Nebula’s mosaic at short and long wavelengths of light, revealing unprecedented details and unexpected discoveries. When astronomers Samuel G. Pearson and Mark J. McCaurian studied short-wavelength images of the constellation Orion, the nebula zoomed in on the Trapezium star cluster. The Trapezium star cluster is a young star-forming region about 1 million years old filled with thousands of new stars. In addition to stars, scientists also discovered brown dwarfs. Brown dwarfs are too small to undergo nuclear fusion and become stars. Brown dwarfs have less than 7% the mass of the Sun. While searching for other low-mass, isolated objects, astronomers discovered something they had never seen before. It is a pair of planet-like objects with masses between 0.6 and 13 times that of the Sun. Jupiter’s mass seems to defy some basic astronomical theories. Scientists named them Jupiter-mass binary objects, or JuMBOs. “Some of them are more massive than the planet Jupiter, but they are about the same size, only slightly larger,” said Pearson, a European Space Agency researcher at the European Space Research and Technology Center in the Netherlands. Astronomers discovered 40 pairs of JuMBOs and two triplex systems, all in wide orbits of each other. Although they exist in pairs, these objects are typically about 200 astronomical units apart, which is 200 times the distance between Earth and the Sun. According to Pearson, it can take 20,000 to 80,000 years for the celestial bodies to orbit each other, and their temperatures range from 1,000 degrees Fahrenheit (537 degrees Celsius) to 2,300 degrees Fahrenheit (1,260 degrees Celsius). It is said to be within the range of This gaseous object is astronomically young, about 1 million years old. In comparison, our solar system was born 4.57 billion years ago. “We’re half way through the lifespan of our sun, so these objects in Orion are three-day-old babies,” said McCaurian, a senior advisor for European Scientific Exploration. Space Agency. “They’re still very bright and warm because the energy they had when they were created still allows them to glow. That’s why we can see these things in the first place. McCaurian and Pearson wrote two research papers based on their discoveries in the Orion Nebula using the Webb telescope. The research has been submitted to an academic journal for publication, and preliminary findings are available on a preprint site called arXiv. But many questions remain about JuMBO, including how it came to be in the first place. JuMBO: Stars that defy the rules of astronomy are formed from giant clouds of gas and dust that collapse under gravity. This process continues until a disk of gas and dust swirls around the star, forming a planet. However, existing theories do not explain how JuMBO formed or why it exists in the Orion Nebula, McCaurian said. For example, some performers may think of JuMBO as a rogue planet, a planet-mass object that moves freely through space without orbiting the performer. However, many rogue planets start out orbiting their stars before being ejected, and it’s difficult to explain how pairs of them could have been ejected at the same time while remaining gravitably connected to each other. Probably. ” Planet formation has been studied for decades, but no one expected to discover a pair of ultra-low-mass objects floating alone in space. And we see a lot of them,” Pearson said. “The main thing we learn from this is that there is something fundamentally wrong with our understanding of planet formation, star formation, or both.” As larger and more sophisticated telescopes emerge, McCaurian said, more objects will be revealed within the nebula. “The objects we see are very dark, but they are the brightest in the infrared, so we have the best chance of detecting them,” Pearson said. on mail. “JWST is the most powerful infrared telescope ever built, and these observations will be impossible with other telescopes.” Observations of the nebula, scheduled for early 2024, will help JuMBO’s atmosphere Pearson said it could provide more insight into composition. The researchers also hope to uncover more details about the object, including making precise measurements of its mass. Meanwhile, other studies focusing on different star-forming regions may reveal whether JuMBO is located somewhere outside the Orion Nebula. ” The main question is, “What is it?” ?! Where did that come from?” Pearson said. “It’s so unexpected that it will take a lot of observation and modeling to explain it.”
New images from the James Webb Space Telescope reveal a surprising pair of planet-like objects in the Orion Nebula, never before detected.
The Orion Nebula is a glowing cloud of dust and gas that is one of the brightest nebulae in the night sky and can be identified as the Sword of Orion. The nebula, located 1,300 light-years from Earth, has long provided astronomers with a wealth of objects to study, including planet-forming disks around young stars. brown dwarfor a celestial body with a mass between that of a planet and a star.
Astronomers used Webb’s near-infrared camera, called NIRCam, to image a mosaic of the Orion Nebula at short and long wavelengths of light, revealing: unprecedented details And some unexpected discoveries.
When astronomers Samuel G. Pearson and Mark J. McCaurian studied short-wavelength images of the Orion Nebula, they zoomed in on the Trapezium star cluster. The Trapezium star cluster is a young star-forming region, about 1 million years old, filled with thousands of nebulae. new stars. In addition to stars, scientists also discovered brown dwarfs. Brown dwarfs are too small to undergo nuclear fusion and become stars. The brown dwarf’s mass is less than 7% of that of the Sun.
While searching for other low-mass, isolated objects, astronomers discovered something they had never seen before. It’s a pair of planet-like objects with masses between 0.6 and 13 times that of Jupiter that seem to defy some basic astronomical theories.
Scientists named them Jupiter-mass binary objects (JuMBOs).
“Some of them are more massive than Jupiter, but they’re probably about the same size, just slightly larger,” said Pearson, a European Space Agency researcher at the European Space Research and Technology Center in the Netherlands.
Astronomers discovered 40 pairs of JuMBOs and two triplex systems, all in wide orbits of each other. Although they exist in pairs, these objects are typically about 200 astronomical units apart, which is 200 times the distance between Earth and the Sun. It can take 20,000 to 80,000 years for celestial bodies to orbit each other.
of the object Temperatures range from 1,000 degrees Fahrenheit (537 degrees Celsius) to 2,300 degrees Fahrenheit (1,260 degrees Celsius), Pearson said. This gaseous object is astronomically young, about 1 million years old. In comparison, our solar system was born 4.57 billion years ago.
“We’re halfway through the Sun’s lifespan, so these objects in Orion are three-day-old babies.” said McCaurian, senior adviser for science and exploration at the European Space Agency. “They’re still very bright and warm because the energy they had when they were created still allows them to glow. That’s why we can see these things in the first place. It’s a method.”
McCaurian and Pearson wrote two research papers based on their discoveries in the Orion Nebula using the Webb telescope. The research is Submit to an academic journal for publicationpreliminary findings are available on a preprint site called . arXiv. But many questions remain about JuMBO, including how it came to be in the first place.
JuMBO: Overturning the rules of astronomy
Stars form from huge clouds of gas and dust that collapse under gravity. This process continues until a disk of gas and dust swirls around the star, forming a planet. However, existing theories do not explain how the Jumbo Nebula formed or why it exists in the Orion Nebula, McCaurian said.
For example, some people might think of JuMBO as: rogue planet, or a planetary mass object that moves freely through space without orbiting a star. But many rogue planets start out orbiting a star before being ejected, and it’s difficult to explain how pairs of them could be ejected at the same time while remaining gravitationally connected to each other. Dew.
“Scientists have been working on theories and models about star and planet formation for decades, but no one expected to find pairs of extremely low-mass objects floating alone in space. “And we’re seeing a lot of them,” Pearson said. He said. “The main thing we learn from this is that there is something fundamentally wrong with our understanding of planet formation, star formation, or both.”
McCaurian said the Orion Nebula is a favorite object of astronomers, and the larger and more powerful the telescopes, the more objects revealed within the nebula.
“The objects we see are really dark, but they are the brightest in the infrared, so “Where are we most likely to find it? JWST is the most powerful infrared telescope ever built, and these observations will not be possible with any other telescope,” Pearson said in an email. said in an email.
Pearson said observations of the nebula, scheduled for early 2024, could provide further insight into JuMBO’s atmospheric composition. The researchers also hope to uncover more details about the object, including making precise measurements of its mass.
Meanwhile, other studies focusing on different star-forming regions may reveal whether JuMBO is located outside the Orion Nebula.
“The main question is, ‘What?! Where did it come from?'” Pearson said. “It’s so unexpected that it will take a lot of observation and modeling to explain it.”
